Abstract
The studies were carried out with the aim of developing recommendations for the environmentally safe and effective use of organic fertilizers and increasing the productivity of grain-fallow crop rotation in the landscape agriculture in the Volga region. The effectiveness of organic fertilizers and biological products was studied on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture. The crop rotation involved the 7-field grain-fallow with the following alternation of crops: pure fallow – winter wheat – spring wheat – peas – winter wheat – spring wheat – barley. The repetition was fourfold, the plot area was 100 m2. Meteorological conditions were favorable, the hydrothermal coefficient was 1.1–1.2. The experiment scheme included the following options: 1 – without fertilizers (control); 2 – N140P95K175(equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure); 3 – manure, 25 t/ha; 4 – manure, 50 t/ha; 5 – sewage sludge in a dose equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure (OSV-1); 6 – sewage sludge in a dose equivalent to 50 t/ha of manure (OSV-2); 7 – green manure (equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure); 8 – straw, 5 t/ha + N115(equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure); 9 – pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Rhizoagrin (background); 10 – background + N140P95K175(equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure); 11 – background + manure, 25 t/ha; 12 – background + manure, 50 t/ha; 13 – background + OSV-1; 14 – background + OSV-2; 15 – background + siderat; 16 – background + straw, 5 t/ha + N115(equivalent to 25 t/ha of manure). Studies have established that organic fertilizers and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Rhizoagrin increase the accumulation of stubble-root residues, straw, nitrogen content and yield of spring wheat. The greatest input of nutrients into the soil with POC and high productivity of spring wheat were facilitated by the aftereffect of sewage sludge and manure in increased doses in combination with pre-sowing seed treatment with Rhizoagrin.
Highlights
In recent years, due to poor soil fertility, studies aimed at optimizing the mineral nutrition of plants under the limited use of fertilizers, revealing the duration of effects of fertilizers, assessing the role of biological factors in the reproduction of soil fertility are relevant [1, 2].An analysis of literature shows that the problem of regulating the fertility of chernozems and crop yields in the Middle Volga region has been insufficiently studied
Studies have shown that the aftereffect of organic fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment with Rhizoagrin increase the accumulation of stubble-root residues (STR), the main and by-products of spring wheat
When spring wheat seeds were inoculated with Rhizoagrin, the amount of POC was 3.55 t/ha, and against the background of the aftereffect of organic fertilizers combined with inoculation, it was 3.51–3.75 t/ha
Summary
Due to poor soil fertility, studies aimed at optimizing the mineral nutrition of plants under the limited use of fertilizers, revealing the duration of effects of fertilizers, assessing the role of biological factors in the reproduction of soil fertility are relevant [1, 2].An analysis of literature shows that the problem of regulating the fertility of chernozems and crop yields in the Middle Volga region has been insufficiently studied. The present research was conducted with the aim of developing recommendations for the environmentally safe and effective use of organic fertilizers and increasing the productivity of grain-fallow crop rotation in the landscape agriculture of the Volga region. With a change in the conditions of mineral nutrition of spring wheat plants grown at the zero background, due to the aftereffect of manure in a dose of 50 t/ha, there was a trend to an increase in the content of crude gluten. Improvement of nitrogen nutrition conditions due to mineral fertilizers or manure and sewage sludge decreased the IDC index both against the zero background and as a result of seed inoculation with a biological product
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