Abstract
The basic concepts underlying the production of ion beams are reviewed. The properties of the plasma from which the ions are extracted are discussed with respect to their effect on the ion beam. The influence of the positive ion beam emittance and electron attachment on the production of fast neutral particle beams, and beams of negative ions is then examined. It is shown that the production of negative ions is best achieved by direct extraction from a plasma, whereas neutral particle beams must be formed by neutralization of energetic primary positive ion beams.
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