THE PROBLEM OF INTRODUCTION OF CIVIL ADMINISTRATION AND JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE TSARIST ADMINISTRATION IN DAGESTAN IN THE MID-19TH CENTURY (based on the materials of Derbent district)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of issues related to the implementation of Russian laws in Dagestan in the mid-19th century. The article analyses the administrative changes made by the Russian government in the system of administration of Derbent province in the mid-19th century. The social characteristics of the population of Derbent district societies and their features are given. The article reveals the reasons for the untimely introduction of a full-fledged civil administration in the county, lack of the population’s acceptance of Russian judicial proceedings due to the influence of the adat for many centuries. As a result, the political flexibility of the tsarist administration in relation to the population of Derbent district was noted. We analysed the impact of the adat on public life and the consciousness of the population, persistent adherence to archaic norms of customary law despite the political and administrative presence, to a greater or lesser extent, the tsarist administration in different societies of Derbent district. Many researchers of the Caucasus have written about the custom of blood feud, but in this article we want to emphasise the socio-political difference in public consciousness that existed between the population of the region and the new government. The article involves the study of a complex of issues related to the level of social development of the population of Derbent district of Dagestan in Russia in the mid-19th century.