The Problem of Fire Control by Automatic Fire Extinguishing System

Leonid Tanklevskiy,Denis Lobov,Anton Mel’Nik,Aleksandr Tarantsev,Ivan Balabanov,Elena Murashkevich,Y Klochkov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202132002001

Abstract

According to Article 117 of Russian Federal Law 123 of 2008, there is a class of objects historical buildings, exhibition complexes, energy facilities, etc. For these objects, it is not so necessary to eliminate the fire with automatic fire extinguishing systems, as to contain it until the arrival of fire departments. However, this law does not specify certain requirements for automatic installations, the main working substance of which is water and the solutions. The current situation makes it difficult to design, install and test automatic fire control systems. Given this, as well as the foreign experience and domestic developments in the field of automatic fire extinguishing systems, it is important to conduct a special research work. In this work, it is necessary both to conduct several fire tests in terms of the development of a fire with a limited water supply intensity, and to develop a draft of standard “Water automatic fire containment installations. General technical requirements. Test methods”.

Highlights

Automatic fire extinguishing system [1,2,3,4] designed for fire elimination and lockout, have found wide application in fire protection systems in different classes of functional fire hazard [5, 6] in our country as well as abroad
Article 117 of the Federal Law [5] assigns the need to create a new kind of automatic installations designed to contain the fire
As shown in the report [7], the automatic fire control system are applicable to: - objects of historical and cultural heritage: theaters, museums, exhibition complexes, etc.; - Power installations [8] where class B and E fires are possible [5]; - Medical and scientific institutions. - large areas where there are no fire protection barriers, including high rack warehouses [9], workshops, underground parking lots [10], etc; - high-rise buildings and structures [11]; - objects in cold climatic zones, where it is difficult to maintain a constantly heated supply of the water for automatic fire extinguishing systems

Summary

Introduction

Modern fire protective equipment is divided by their constructive embodiment into sprinkler system, deluge system by the type of fire extinguishing agent into water, foam, gas, powder, aerosol, etc It is divided into extinguishing: by surface, volume, local volume, and local surface; by the start methods: manual, automatic, etc.; by performance - modular, stationary, robotic, etc.; and have different inertia and duration of fire extinguishing agent supply. Article 117 of the Federal Law [5] assigns the need to create a new kind of automatic installations designed to contain the fire They should: a) provide decrease in rate of fire area increase and formation of its dangerous factors; b) be applied in the premises where application of other dangerous factors is inexpedient or technically impossible. As shown in the report [7], the automatic fire control system are applicable to: - objects of historical and cultural heritage: theaters, museums, exhibition complexes, etc.; - Power installations [8] where class B and E fires are possible [5]; - Medical and scientific institutions. - large areas where there are no fire protection barriers, including high rack warehouses [9], workshops, underground parking lots [10], etc; - high-rise buildings and structures [11]; - objects in cold climatic zones, where it is difficult to maintain a constantly heated supply of the water for automatic fire extinguishing systems

Methods

Results

Conclusion