Abstract
Uncontrolled urbanization harms both the environment and society. Sole environmental responsibility has diminished the community's sense of responsibility. In this way, Local Agenda 21 aims to engage all parties, including civil society. This paper will explore the ‘Damage' principle in relation to the environmental roles of civil society. Content from Kitab al-I'lan Bi Ahkam Al-Bunyan was analyzed. The findings revealed several fiqh-related essences related to civil society roles. A sustainable built environment requires policymakers and society to reexamine community involvement levels, types, and forms. Keywords: Civil society; built environment; fiqh; 'Damage.' eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI6.3040
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