Abstract
BackgroundMetabolic abnormalities are common in patients maintained on antipsychotics. These abnormalities increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in subjects maintained on antipsychotics relative to controls in Qatar, and to assess the factors contributing to the development of MetS.MethodsA cross sectional design was used to collect data and fasting blood samples from subjects maintained on antipsychotics for at least six months (n = 112) and from a control group (n = 114). The groups were compared in regard to prevalence of MetS, and multiple regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors in each group.ResultsThe two groups (antipsychotics vs. control) were similar in regard to age (35.73 ± 10.28 vs. 35.73 ± 8.16 years) and gender ratio. The MetS was higher among the subjects on antipsychotics, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Blood pressure (BP) was significantly higher in the antipsychotics group and BMI was the major risk factor to develop MetS in this group.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MetS in both groups is high and mostly attributed to obesity and high BP. Public health interventions are needed to address this major health problem overall. Larger studies are needed to further assess the impact of antipsychotics and mental illness on the development of MetS.
Highlights
Metabolic abnormalities are common in patients maintained on antipsychotics
Sociodemographic and medical characteristics There were no significant differences between the two groups in regard to age or gender (Table 2)
Our results showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is high in both the control group and the patients on antipsychotics in Qatar
Summary
Metabolic abnormalities are common in patients maintained on antipsychotics These abnormalities increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in this population. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises specific risk factors for cardiovascular disease These factors are increased waist circumference, raised fasting glucose, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Antipsychotics are known to cause weight gain and increase in glucose or cholesterol levels [4,5,6], which increase the prevalence of MetS. Both groups of antipsychotics, first generation antipsychotics (FGA) and second generation antipsychotics (SGA), are indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia [7]. Other studies from Japan [13], Venezuela [14], and Italy [15] did not show that antipsychotics increase the risk of MetS compared to control
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