Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is considered a serious capillary complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) which leads to end-stage renal disease. Endostatin (EST) is considered as collagen XVIII fragment formed during extracellular matrix remodeling (ECMR). EST acts as an anti-angiogenic factor. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang II) is a growth factor that increases in several conditions, such as hyperglycemia. The present study was to scrutinize the association of EST and Ang II serum levels with nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 30 healthy individuals (control) and 120 T2DM patients classified into 60 patients with microalbuminuria and 60 patients without microalbuminuria), aged 45-65 years were included. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1C%, lipid profile, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio of 30-300 mg/g (UACR), serum urea and creatinine levels were assessed. Both EST and Ang II were measured using the ELISA technique. Ang II and EST levels were elevated in patients with T2DM groups compared with the healthy control group (P<0.001). EST and Ang II were significantly correlated to UACR (r= 0.753, P<0.001) (r= 0.685, P<0.001) and therefore indicate progress to DN. Circulating EST and Ang II were significantly associated with T2DM and predict progression of DN and therefore can be used as biomarkers for the prediction of DN in such a group of patients.
Highlights
DN is a serious capillaries complication of diabetes which leads to end-stage renal disease(ESRD) [1]
Group II consisted of 60 T2DM patients without microalbuminuria and group III consisted of 60 T2DM patients with DN in the form of microalbuminuria (UACR: 30-300 mg/g) that were measured in two of three samples over 3 months before the study
UACR, serum Ang II, and EST were highly elevated in the DN group in comparison to their levels in the T2DM group and control group (P
Summary
DN is a serious capillaries complication of diabetes which leads to end-stage renal disease(ESRD) [1]. It is considered as the main cause of cases requiring dialysis or renal transplantation in the developing countries [2]. DN progression and pathogenesis are probable to be a result of metabolic and hemodynamic pathways interactions, which are disturbed in the case of diabetes [3]. The process of angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from existent vasculature. This process plays a significant role in both physiologic and pathologic events, including embryonic development, menstruation, wound healing, tumor growth, and diabetes [5]
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