The potential of soil arthropods as bioindicator of soil quality in relation to environmental factors at apple farm, Batu, East Java, Indonesia

D Suheriyanto,Z Zuhro,A Maulidiyah,I E Farah

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1217/1/012180

Abstract

The objectives of this study are to determine community structure, abundance and diversity of soil arthropods which potential as the bioindicator of soil quality, and analyze the correlation between chemical parameters of the environmental factor on the abundance of soil arthropods. This study was conducted at the conventional and semi-organic Apple Farm, Bumiaji, Batu, East Java Province, Indonesia, from April to September 2017. Soil Arthropods sample has been taken from three different zones of Apple Farm soil which divided into ten sampling stations. Shannon (H’), Margalef, Evenness and Indicator Value (IndVal) Index were applied to determine the diversity of soil Arthropods. Whereas, the correlation between soil environmental factors and abundance of soil Arthropods were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis included Principal Component Analysis (PCA), similarities, and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The total of soil Arthropods belonging to 22 genera, 12 families, and six orders genera, had been identified, with Lepidocyrtus were considered as the most abundant of Genus. Nevertheless, diversity of soil Arthropods in the semi-organic farm were higher than conventional farm ones, this related to soil chemical properties which included pH, C, N, C/N ratio, P, K and other organic matters. Based on indicator value indicated that Euborellia Genus from Apple conventional farm, and Brachymyrmex and Homidia Genus from Apple semi-organic farm was considered as the potential bioindicator of soil quality.

Highlights

Soil Arthropods are essential in farm and plantation ecosystem processes where they are able to regulate nutrient dynamics and soil quality, increase pressures on soil biodiversity and degradation and are useful as biological indicators of ecosystem condition [1, 2]
Based on indicator value indicated that Euborellia Genus from Apple conventional farm, and Brachymyrmex and Homidia Genus from Apple semi-organic farm was considered as the potential bioindicator of soil quality
Whereas at the semi-organic apple farm are characterized by pH and K which associated with the genus Omalium, C-organic, organic matters and K associated with the genus Myrmecocystus and P associated with the genus Pachyrhinus and Periplaneta

Summary

Introduction

Soil Arthropods are essential in farm and plantation ecosystem processes where they are able to regulate nutrient dynamics and soil quality, increase pressures on soil biodiversity and degradation and are useful as biological indicators of ecosystem condition [1, 2]. Preventing their existence is one effort to maintain the stability of the ecosystem especially in apple production system. The village which has the largest apple farm is Tulungrejo Village, which is 900 ha with a population of 24.000 apple plant. According to data from BPS Kota Batu (2017), apple plant populations in Batu City at the first quarter were 2.122.829 plant, with apple production 163.017 kw and were experienced a decline in the fourth quarter to 2.118.679 plant with production of 146.362 kw

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