Abstract
Health impacts and a decrease in the quality of life caused by air pollution is a major problem worldwide. Krakow is one of the most affected cities in the EU by air pollution mostly caused by burning solid fuels in households’ furnaces. It is considered that the most effective remedies would be adequate spatial planning solutions and application of low-emission sources including renewable energy sources (RES). This article draws from the analysis of the use of RES as a means for reducing harmful emissions in Krakow Functional Area (KrOF). The inventories of renewable energy sources and systems were compiled by the authors as a part of the EU project “Smart Edge—Sustainable Metropolitan Areas and the Role of The Edge City”. Using the data from the inventories, a SWOT analysis has been carried out to identify factors that determine the smart management of the RES potential, particularly the decisions of households on the transition towards RES. The results of the analysis have shown that many actions have been taken at the national, regional, and local levels but the greatest influence bear the solutions initiated and implemented at the communal level. The conclusion is that legislative regulations should be combined with locally tailor-made instruments. The proposed method of analysis can be applied in other metropolitan areas as a diagnostic procedure supporting action planning to solve air-quality problems caused by distributed emission sources.
Highlights
Renewable energy installations are implemented for many reasons, but two of them seem to be the most important
The inventories of renewable energy sources and systems were compiled as a part of the EU project “Smart Edge – Sustainable Metropolitan Areas and the Role of The
Special emphasis was placed on the transition towards renewable energy sources (RES) by households which are known as the main source of pollutants including the most locally harmful particulate matter (PM) and B(a)P (Figure 2) [8] (p. 34)
Summary
Renewable energy installations are implemented for many reasons, but two of them seem to be the most important. Natural gas, and coal are limited resources whilst renewable energy sources (RES) are sustainable alternatives for them. The purpose of this article is to analyse the most effective spatial planning and governance solutions to popularise low-emission energy sources including RES as a means for reducing air pollution in the Krakow Functional Area (KrOF). It is the authors’ goal to describe the proposed method of analysis so it could be applied in other metropolitan areas as a diagnostic procedure supporting action planning
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