Abstract

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is one of the most potential methods to generate the hybrid micro/nanostructural surfaces on the Ti dental implant because of its simplicity, high efficiency and low cost. The MAO surface-treated Ti (MST-Ti) implants have also been shown to have good biocompatibility by in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the interfacial behaviors of Ti implants and bone tissue. From a clinical point of view, it would be desirable if the traditional Ti implant could be developed as the high osseointegration accompany with low elastic modulus Ti implant to avoid stress-shielding formation without sacrificing desirable physicochemical and biological properties. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the surface characteristic, biomechanical behavior, hemocompatibility and in vivo biocompatibility of the optimal MST-Ti (OMST-Ti) implant with hybrid micro/nanoporous surface. The surface morphology of the OMST-Ti implant was characterized using scanning electron microscope. Hemocompatibility was evaluated by blood dripping and immersion tests. Moreover, biomechanical properties were simulated using finite element model (FEM) analysis. It was found that the hybrid volcano-like micro/nanoporous structure was formed on the surface of the OMST-Ti implant. The OMST-Ti implant with volcano-like micro/nanoporous surface layer showed the well wettability and hemocompatibility. In addition, the FEM analysis results also revealed that the stresses were transferred more uniformly in the implant that presence of micro/nanoporous surface. Therefore, these results demonstrated that the OMST-Ti implant is a promising biomaterial for dental and biomedical applications.

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