Abstract
This work aimed to select potentially useful eco-biorational product that could be used to reduce the reproduction of root-knot nematode. The experiment was carried out in pots under net house. The results revealed that the bio-product Dipel® (Bacillus thuringiensis ) proved to be the most effective treatment that reduced the root galls and egg masses by 71.60 and 77.78%, respectively. Also, Dipel® (B. thuringiensis) Bio-nematon® (Paecilomyces lilacinus) showed their superiority between all treatments on the shoot, root length and root weight.
Highlights
Tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important vegetable crop for nutritive sources such as carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins in Egypt (Howeedy et al, 2003)
Ashoub and Amara (2010) investigated certain isolates of B. thuringiensis and P. fluorescens in vivo and in vitro against Meloidogyne incognita, and their results indicated that all B. thuringiensis isolates reduced galls formation by 81.8 and 94.6%, and egg masses by 87.7 and 93.9%, respectively, in vivo
Several reports clarified that the basic mechanisms of B. subtilis included direct parasitism, production of extracellular antibiotics metabolites or catabolic enzymes, stimulation of host defenses, incensement of plant growth, induced systemic resistance in plants, suppression of the plant diseases and secreting volatile nematicidal substances (Huang et al, 2009; Huang et al, 2005b; Ji et al, 2006; Kloepper and Ryu, 2006; Lahlali et al, 2013; Siddiqui and Mahmood 1999; St Leger, 1995)
Summary
Protection (Randhawa et al, 2001 & Sakhuja and Jain 2001). It was necessary to find alternatives and / or new approaches to manage and eliminate the plant nematodes diseases. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was utilized for isolation of nematode eggs from root galls according to Hussey and Barker (1973). RESULTS The impact of certain eco-biorational products on galls and egg masses formation were recorded in Table (1) and Fig. The obtained results revealed that all treatments reduce the galls without any significant differences. B. thuringiensis reduced the gall formation by 71.60%, followed by B.subtilis, P. lilacinus, B. megaterium, T. album and fosthiazate that recorded 60.94, 58.58, 57.98, 52.65 and 51.50 % reduction, respectively. B. thuringiensis proved to be the most effective treatment which minified the egg masses by 77.78%, followed by P. lilacinus, T. album, B. subtilis, fosthiazate and B. megaterium which recorded 65.18, 63.33, 62.96, 59.27 and 57.04% reduction, consecutively. There were no significant differences on shoot height among all treatments in comparison with untreated check
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