The potential of Avicennia alba blume in phytoremediation of heavy metal Pb and Cu in the area east coast mangrove forest Reserve Jambi, Indonesia

Abstract

The Batanghari River is the fourth longest river in Indonesia, and along the course of the river, there are many community activities, such as fishing, coal-carrying, and industrial activities. These various activities can cause contamination of heavy metals lead (Pb) and copper (Cu). This pollution can be overcome by using phytoremediation techniques using Avicennia alba Blume, which grows in the East Coast Mangrove Forest Reserve Area (CAHBPT), Jambi. This study aims to determine the potential and mechanism of phytoremediation of heavy metals Pb and Cu by A. alba at CAHBPT, Tanjung Solok, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi. Sampling was done by a purposive sampling method. This study showed that the accumulation level of Pb metal in sediments was 10.08-13.42 mg/kg, and Cu metal was 8.61-22.92 mg/kg. The potential of A. alba in reducing the impact of Pb and Cu metal pollution is classified as an excluder marked BCF <1, even though the concentration of heavy metals in sediments is still below the EPA quality standard threshold for sediments. A. alba that grows in CAHBPT, Jambi, has a Pb metal translocation mechanism in the form of phytoextraction which is characterized by a TF value >1, and for Cu metal with a phytostabilization mechanism which is characterized by a TF <1.