The Potential for Lifestyle Intervention Among Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour Based on Patient Needs Including Smoking and Other Risky Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide, with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounting for 75% of cases. Transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT) is the standard treatment, but it is associated with significant risks of complications and recurrence. Risky lifestyle factors, including smoking, malnutrition, obesity, risky alcohol use, and physical inactivity (collectively termed SNAP factors), may worsen surgical outcomes and increase cancer recurrence. Prehabilitation programmes targeting these modifiable risk factors could improve patient outcomes. This cross-sectional study assessed 100 TURBT patients at a Danish university hospital to determine the prevalence of SNAP factors and the potential for lifestyle interventions. Data were collected via structured interviews, and intervention scenarios were projected based on efficacy rates of 5–100%. In total, 58% of patients had at least one risky SNAP factor, with smoking (29%) being the most prevalent, followed by physical inactivity (19%) and risky alcohol use (18%). Obesity (7%) and malnutrition (8%) were less common. Seventeen percent had multiple SNAP factors. No significant demographic indicators were associated with the presence of SNAP factors. TURBT patients with NMIBC show a high prevalence of risky lifestyle factors, including smoking and obesity, with over half affected. Systematic screening and targeted interventions could significantly improve patient outcomes and long-term health.