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Abstract
Abstract By taking two monarchy countries as examples, this paper discusses the differences and similarities of the policy process model and the systems model. The difference has first been discussed. Policies in the United Kingdom can be applied to the policy process model, due to the fact that step-by-step policymaking procedures can be observed during the policymaking process in the United Kingdom. The case shows that policies made by countries with democracy can also be analyzed by using the policy process model. On the contrary, policies in Saudi Arabia can be studied by using the systems model, due to the fact that unclear policymaking procedures can be witnessed in Saudi Arabia. This paper also discusses two similarities between the two models. They both emphasize on “policy cycle”, as well as influenced by different kinds of environment. While social policy is always influenced by political ideology and system, and can be studied by different models, this paper concludes that the policymaking process is, all in all, a cycle and can be influenced by different environmental factors, no matter what political system a country has.
Highlights
Comparisons between the policy process model and the systems model will be conducted as an attempt to unveil the similarities as well as differences among the two models in this paper
It is known that different kinds of policymaking models can be used to analyze policies within a country (Kraft, 2013), but when it comes to analyzing the tendency of using a particular policymaking model to understand policies in a country, a country’s political ideology could be observed and could be compared with that of others, especially for the comparisons between the “black box” of systems model and the emphasis of policy legitimation of the policy process model
It is known that different policies in a country can be analyzed by using different models, when it comes to understanding which model is fit to analyze one country’s policies, we can consider its political system
Summary
Comparisons between the policy process model and the systems model will be conducted as an attempt to unveil the similarities as well as differences among the two models in this paper. Policies made by countries with less democracy, or even absolute dictatorship, are usually analyzed by using the systems model, as the policy process is vague to the public. The paper will focus on the similarities between the policy process model and the systems model as both models emphasize the phrase “policy cycle”, which means that their processes of policymaking are cyclical and continuous, instead of a one-time set of actions (Kraft, 2013). Their processes of policymaking are both affected by the environment. The paper will eventually conclude that similarities, as well as differences, could both be discovered through the applications and comparisons
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