Abstract
The strategic geographical constellation on the one hand, can bring benefits to Indonesia, but on the other hand, this position is very vulnerable to threats, both military threats from foreign countries and non-military threats in the form of crimes or illegal activities. Meanwhile, accelerated globalization with technological advances, especially information technology, makes it seem as if there are no boundaries between countries. The rise of transnational crimes in Indonesia, of course, has implications for national defense. Therefore, a comprehensive and integrated effort is needed to minimize the occurrence of transnational crimes at Indonesia's maritime borders, especially in Tanjung Balai Asahan, Medan, North Sumatra Province. It is proven by the increasing trend in the number of transnational crime rates that continue to increase from year to year and it is made worse by the involvement of the community and unscrupulous security forces that choose shortcuts to seek profit by carrying out these illegal actions as happened in several research taken. From the results of the analysis, it was found that 4 types of crime dominate in the Tanjung Balai area, they are smuggling of illegal goods, Drugs, Human trafficking, and People smuggling. Moreover, the weaknesses that made the crimes happened can be categorized as the lack in communication, resources, disposition, and Bureaucratic structure.
Highlights
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world which has 17,499 islands [1]
In essence, the threat to the occurrence of transnational crimes in Indonesia is quite wide open considering the territory owned by Indonesia as an archipelagic country
This geographical condition affects the difficulty of supervision carried out and is faced with the limitations of the facilities and infrastructure indicated that many transnational crimes that occur in Indonesia have not been handled properly
Summary
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world which has 17,499 islands [1]. Its geographical location which is in a cross position between two continents, Asia–Australia, and two oceans, the Indian–Pacific, makes Indonesia's strategic position as a world trade crossing area (geo-economy) and a struggle for influence (geo-strategy and geo-politics) by other countries as happened in the colonial period until now. Indonesia's territory is bordered by many neighboring countries in the territorial waters. The consequence of being an archipelagic country with a geographical constellation as described above causes Indonesia to have maritime borders with ten countries, namely Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, Timor Leste, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Australia, the Republic of Palau, and India. Indonesia is bordered by three countries, namely Malaysia, Timor Leste, and PNG
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