The Physical Activity Patterns of Greenway Users Playing Pokémon Go: A Natural Experiment

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The aim of the study was to compare objectively measured physical activity (PA) between greenway users playing and not playing Pokémon Go. A sample of 100 participants walking on a greenway wore an Omron pedometer and ActiGraph accelerometer and provided demographic data through an intercept survey during a natural experiment. Mann-Whitney U tests and multiple regression compared greenway PA variables between Pokémon Go (n = 13) and non-Pokémon Go (n = 87). Pokémon Go users were significantly younger (P < 0.01) than non-Pokémon Go users. Despite no differences in greenway walking time (42 ± 18 minutes), Pokémon Go users took fewer aerobic steps (2361 ± 1663 steps vs. 4144 ± 2591 steps; P = 0.03), walked shorter distances (1.38 ± 0.68 miles vs. 1.98 ± 1.05 miles; P = 0.049), burned fewer calories (119 ± 79 kcal vs. 202 ± 158 kcal; P = 0.04), spent more time in sedentary (16% ± 12% vs. 2% ± 7%; P < 0.01) and light (29% ± 24% vs. 15% ± 21%; P < 0.01) intensity activity, less time in moderate (52% ± 30% vs. 71 ± 29%; P = 0.02) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (55% ± 29% vs. 82% ± 23%; P < 0.01), and took fewer steps/min (67 ± 24 steps/min vs. 103 ± 23 steps/min; P < 0.01) than non-Pokémon Go users. Pokémon Go step rate rarely exceeded 100 steps/min for >5 minutes at a time. Multiple regression confirmed differences in sedentary, light, vigorous, MVPA, and steps/min between Pokémon Go and non-Pokémon Go users after controlling for covariates (P < 0.05). Age was significantly positively associated with aerobic steps, steps, walking distance and time, more light, but less vigorous, and MVPA (P < 0.05). While playing Pokémon Go greenway users are likely stopping more and walking at a slower pace than walkers not playing Pokémon Go.