The Phlorotannin-Rich Fraction of Ecklonia cava Extract Attenuated the Expressions of the Markers Related with Inflammation and Leptin Resistance in Adipose Tissue.

Myeongjoo Son,Kyunghee Byun,Junwon Choi,Kook Yang Park,Ji Tae Jang,Chang Hu Choi,Seyeon Oh,Kuk Hui Son

doi:10.1155/2020/9142134

Myeongjoo Son, Kyunghee Byun + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9142134

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Abstract

Obesity is associated with systemic chronic inflammation, and it induces central leptin resistance which blocks the appetite-suppressing effect of leptin and leptin resistance in adipocytes. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of Ecklonia cava extract (ECE), which contained rich phlorotannins, on inflammation and leptin resistance in the adipose tissue of a diet-induced obese model. Effects of ECE on fat deposition, inflammation, M1/M2 macrophage, and T-cell infiltrations were investigated, and leptin resistance and SOCS3 were also measured in adipose tissue. Furthermore, ECE attenuated the expression of inflammation-related receptors such as TLR4 and RAGE and leptin resistance by reducing SOCS3 expression, increasing expression of leptin receptor in adipose tissue, and increasing lipolysis. ECE showed antiadiposity and anti-inflammatory effects, attenuated leptin resistance, and increased lipolysis in the diet-induced obese model. This study shows that ECE is a suitable dietary supplement candidate for the prevention or treatment of obesity or obesity-associated diseases, especially inflammation-related diseases.

Highlights

Obesity leads to chronic inflammation and changes the secretion patterns of adipokines in adipose tissue
Leptin acts by binding to functional long isoform leptin receptor (ObR) in the central nervous system (CNS), especially in the hypothalamus, and ObR is known to International Journal of Endocrinology activate Janus-activating kinase 2-signal transducer/activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways [9, 10]. e ability of leptin in activating STAT3 and PI3K is diminished in diet-induced obese mice [10,11,12] and leptin increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) which is a main inducer of leptin resistance in the CNS
Fat mass was significantly greater in the high-fat diet (HFD)/ saline group than in the NFD/saline group. e fat mass and lean mass of the HFD/E. cava extract (ECE) group were significantly decreased than in the HFD/saline group, and they were significantly different in the HFD/ECE and HFD/Garcinia cambogia extract (GCE) groups (Figures 1(b) and 1(c)). e lean mass was decreased significantly in the HFD/ECE group than that in the HFD/saline group, but the decrease was not significant in the HFD/GCE group than in the HFD/saline group (Figure 1(c))

Summary

Introduction

Obesity leads to chronic inflammation and changes the secretion patterns of adipokines in adipose tissue. We evaluate the effects of ECE on inflammation and leptin resistance in adipose tissue in a HFD-induced obese animal model and compared its effects with those of GCE. E expression of CD11b (an activated macrophage marker) [31] mRNA in visceral fat was significantly higher in the HFD/saline group than in the NFD/saline group and significantly lower in the HFD/ECE and HFD/GCE groups than in the HFD/saline group.

Results

Conclusion