The paradigm of induced chemical mutagenesis of Allium sativum L.

V I Nemtinov,L A Timasheva,O A Pekhova,I L Danilova,A V Shirokova,Yu N Kostanchuk,I V Belova,V Breskich,Y Dreizis,A Zheltenkov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202022404024

V I Nemtinov, L A Timasheva + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022404024

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Abstract

The scheme of induced chemical mutagenesis of treatment of Allium sativum L. air bulbs of winter garlic bred by FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, grown in a breeding nursery, has been developed. Two chemical mutagens of the first group, capable of transferring alkyd compounds to other plant cells were used in the study. Different concentrations of treatments and monitoring of mutagenesis made it possible to determine the behavior of Allium sativum air bulbs in dynamics: one cloves – M0 mutants (large, medium and small fractions); bulbs – cloves (M1 mutants of the 1st generation); bulbs – cloves (M2 2nd generation mutants). The aim of this work is to assess the morphological changes of Allium sativum L., the effect of chemical mutagens, and the selection of visible mutation-altered forms with valuable economic traits for use in breeding, creating new varieties adapted in Crimea. Monitoring was carried out, the reaction of garlic treated with two chemical mutagens was assessed: DEP (diethyl phosphate) − 0.025; 0.05 and 0.1%, as well as DMS (dimethyl sulfate) 0.02; 0.04 and 0.08% solutions. For control, a sample of Allium sativum L. air bulbs soaked in water was taken. For 2017–2020, different concentrations of mutagens acted selectively on morphometric and economic characteristics, as well as the chemical composition of winter garlic.

Highlights

Garlic is one of the most useful products for human health with a wide range of medicinal properties, the varietal set in the Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia is annually replenished
80 varieties of winter garlic of domestic and foreign selection and 14 varieties of spring are registered in the State Register for 2019
In order to increase the productivity and improve the health of winter garlic, we used the method of induced chemical mutagenesis, which made it possible to eliminate the disadvantages in obtaining highly productive individuals

Summary

Introduction

Garlic is one of the most useful products for human health with a wide range of medicinal properties, the varietal set in the Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia is annually replenished. Polyakov and Zubaliy [2] used immature air garlic bulbs (with the least internal infection) when cultivated on a section containing 6-benzyladenine in combination with NAA, which contributed to the health of the planting material In this regard, Nalobova et al [17] consider it normal to grow one clove – a set of garlic air bulbs, since the viral infection most of all accumulates in winter garlic cloves (up to 94%) and less in air bulbs (88%). Nalobova et al [17] consider it normal to grow one clove – a set of garlic air bulbs, since the viral infection most of all accumulates in winter garlic cloves (up to 94%) and less in air bulbs (88%) In this regard, in order to increase the productivity and improve the health of winter garlic, we used the method of induced chemical mutagenesis, which made it possible to eliminate the disadvantages in obtaining highly productive individuals.

Objects and methods of research

Results and discussion

Conclusion