The paradigm of caries prevention remedies administration for pregnant women

Abstract

The aim of this study is to improve the effectiveness of dental caries prevention in women during pregnancy due to the influence of kallikrein-4 gene polymorphism in mutation points G2664153A and G2142A on the state of tooth enamel. Materials and methods. The study involved 322 pregnant women of the European race registered in antenatal clinics in Omsk. The comparison group consisted of 261 non-pregnant patients of the same age who applied to a dentist for a planned sanitation or preventive examination. Patients of both groups underwent a study of the dental status, a study of the oral fluid, the distribution of the polymorphism of the kallikrein-4 gene in the mutation points G2664153A and G2142A was determined, and a statistical analysis of the results was carried out. The condition of the tooth enamel of pregnant women after a course of caries-preventive measures was assessed using an electrometric study. The degree of susceptibility of tooth enamel to demineralization processes and its ability to remineralize after application of a three-component calcium-fluorophosphate-containing gel in women of the comparison group was judged by the intensity of staining and the rate of disappearance of the focus of artificial demineralization of the enamel by performing the clinical assessment of enamel remineralization rate according to the T.L. Redinova et al. A survey and questionnaire survey of 52 dentists was also conducted regarding the effectiveness means of caries prevention in pregnant women. Results. Biologically significant links were established between the G/G, G/A and A/A polymorphisms of the KLK-4 gene and clinical indicators of the intensity and rate of caries growth. The study substantiated the optimal means of caries prevention — a three-component calcium-fluorophosphate-containing gel, and the electrical conductivity of tooth enamel confirmed its clinical efficacy in pregnant women of different ages.