Abstract
Persons with obesity are at risk of developing diseases. Furthermore, people with obesity are often stigmatized and struggle with how to improve their lifestyle despite perhaps already knowing what healthy habits consist of. Hence, there is a need for lifestyle interventions aimed at improving mental well-being in patients with obesity in order to induce lifestyle change. The aim of the study was to investigate the outcome of a multicomponent lifestyle intervention in a group of Danish patients with obesity (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30). The study was a cohort study for patients referred for a multicomponent lifestyle intervention (3 times/6 months) at a lifestyle rehabilitation center from 2016 to 2019 with a BMI ≥30. Patients completed questionnaires at baseline, 6 and 18 months regarding diet, physical activity, body weight, the Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12) (minimal important change ≥5 points) and a question regarding satisfaction with treatment. A total of 1336 patients (mean age (standard deviation) 51(14) years, 25% men) were included. Median weight change (25th;75th quartile) was -5% (-2;-8%), p<0.001 from baseline to 6 months and -4% (0;-9%), p<0.001 at 18 months. After the intervention, only 8% patients had an unhealthy diet and patients reported increased participation in physical activities (+1 day/week) (p<0.001). Patients changed their mean [95%confidence interval] SF-12 physical score 4.0 [3.4;4.5] points (p<0.001) at 6 months follow up and 3.2 [2.4;3.8] points (p<0.001) at 18 months. Their SF-12 mental scores were changed 2.8 [2.2;3.4] points (p<0.001) at 6 months and 2.3 [1.5;3.1] points (p<0.001) at 18 months. 40–45% patients had a minimal important change in their SF-12 scores. 91% of the patients were highly satisfied with the treatment. Patients participating in a multicomponent lifestyle intervention focusing on improving mental factors had improved outcomes at 6 and 18 months follow up.
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