Abstract
This chapter discusses the origin, organization, and morphogenetic action of the amphibian embryo. The amphibian gastrula is dynamically determined in its constituent parts. Transplantation of upper blastoporal lips taken from gastrulae of different ages demonstrated that the head inductor is located in the dorsal lip of the early gastrula, the trunk inductor in that of the advanced, and finally the tail inductor in that of the completed gastrula. The morphogenetic movements do not take the form of a wandering of individual cells but are the expression of a supracellular phenomenon. Dorsal marginal zone plays a leading role in embryo formation and the region is called the organization center of the embryo. The phases of cleavage and blastocoel formation were considered as relatively unimportant though indispensable as preparations for the true morphogenetic events of gastrulation and embryo formation. The chapter discusses the several important morphogenetic events that happen prior to gastrulation, which are of utmost significance for embryogenesis.
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