Abstract
In recent years, the high-speed urbanization process and human activities have led to the fragmentation and the connectivity reduction of natural landscape patches, resulting in the degradation of urban ecological services and biodiversity. The construction of ecological network and the optimization of landscape pattern are significantly important to improve the urban ecological environment and urban ecological security. In this paper, a case study of Haikou, an island city of China is performed, the selection of ecological source areas is optimized by granularity reverse method and principal component analysis. The minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM) is used to construct the ecological resistance surface, and ecological corridors and ecological nodes are obtained, so as to optimize the urban ecological network and the connectivity of landscape patches. The results show that the 1400m granularity landscape component is the optimal landscape component structure for Haikou. There are 38 ecological source areas in Haikou, and 14 ecological landscape patches need to be added. The distribution of ecological source areas is mainly affected by topography and geomorphology. The northwest has huge and scattered ecological source areas, while the southeast has small and concentrated ecological source areas. In the areas around Meilan airport and Hongcheng lake, there is an ecological trap with significant difference between dominant and recessive ecological resistance separately. Haikou ecological network consists of 81 ecological corridors and 76 ecological nodes. Affected by the main urban area in the north, Haikou ecological network has the high density in the middle and southern areas. The construction of ecological network has significantly improved the overall connectivity of the ecosystem in the study region. This research provides a scientific basis for the future urban ecological environment planning of Haikou.
Highlights
With the large-scale expansion of cities and the sharp increase in urban population, the demand for natural resources in human society has increased dramatically
Chen et al.: Optimization of Urban Ecological Network Planning Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM) and Granularity Reverse Method isolated landscape patches in the city are connected, a complete natural ecosystem of a ‘‘point-line-surface’’ combination is formed with certain self-regulation ability [5], [6]
Granularity reverse method and MCRM are used to build the ecological network in Haikou, optimization results are evaluated, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward
Summary
With the large-scale expansion of cities and the sharp increase in urban population, the demand for natural resources in human society has increased dramatically. C. Chen et al.: Optimization of Urban Ecological Network Planning Based on the MCRM and Granularity Reverse Method isolated landscape patches in the city are connected, a complete natural ecosystem of a ‘‘point-line-surface’’ combination is formed with certain self-regulation ability [5], [6]. Research methods can be divided into two categories: 1) By observing the migration process of animals and combining the compound dynamic model, the probability of a species is calculated to establish the corresponding ecological network This method is time-consuming and mainly applicable to the wild natural environment. 2) Based on GIS technology, minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM) is used to calculate the path (corridor) of the minimum resistance of biological migration to construct the ecological network [11] This method can clearly simulate the resistance of landscape to ecological process and evaluate the connectivity of landscape.
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