Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions (sample-to-solvent ratio, ultrasonic power, and time) for the extraction of pumpkin seed oil. Pumpkin seed oil was analyzed for yield, 2.2’-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, and total phenolic content. Soxhlet extraction methods were assessed for comparison. The Box Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize UAE conditions. The optimum UAE conditions were obtained using sample-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 mL g-1, ultrasonic power of 150 Watt in 15 min extraction time. Compared with Soxhlet extraction methods, UAE exhibited lower oil yield and total phenolic content but had higher DPPH scavenging activity. The advantage of ultrasonic-assisted extraction was clearly reduction of extraction duration.
Highlights
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan kondisi optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction untuk ekstraksi minyak biji labu kuning
Pumpkin seed oil was analyzed for yield
Soxhlet extraction methods were assessed for comparison
Summary
Biji labu kuning diperoleh dari hasil panen buah labu kuning pada lahan pertanian masyarakat Palagan, Kota Yogyakarta. Buah yang telah dikumpulkan dibelah, diambil bijinya, kemudian biji dicuci dengan air mengalir dan ditiriskan. Biji labu kuning kemudian dikering anginkan selama 2x24 jam pada suhu ruang (kadar air kurang dari 10%). Biji diserbukkan dengan bantuan blender (Philips), selanjutnya serbuk disimpan dalam wadah bertutup pada suhu 4oC sebelum digunakan. Semua pelarut dan reagen yang digunakan adalahan pro-analytical grade. Ultrasonik (ELMA ultrasonic cleaning tipe T760/DH) dengan frekuensi 40 kHz digunakan untuk ekstraksi minyak biji labu kuning. Sebanyak 20 gram serbuk biji labu kuning dalam 200 mL pelarut n-heksana diekstraksi selama 15 menit dengan daya sebesar 150 Watt. Fase cair dan fase padat dipisahkan dengan bantuan sentrifuse (Thermo Scientific) selama 10 menit dengan kecepatan 2500 rpm. Selanjutnya, pelarut dievaporasi menggunakan rotary evaporator (IKA-Werke) pada suhu 40oC untuk mendapatkan minyak biji labu kuning [16]
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