The optimization of the elements of the cultivation technology of Panicum Miliaceum L. under conditions of Polissia

Abstract

Аіm. To determine the specifics of the formation of millet productivity as well as of grain quality indicators depending on the varietal features and a predecessor under conditions of Polissia. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical and comparative-calculation methods. The study of the adaptive capacity of the millet varieties “Kharkivske 57” and “Vitrylo“ was conducted during the period of 2018–2020 on the sod-podzolic sandy-loam soils of Polissia. Results. As follows from the results of the study the rational choice of the predecessor promotes to the formation of the millet yield potential of 2.71–3.55 t/hаwith the protein content in seeds – 12.1–13.2 % under favourable conditions in Polissia. The millet variety ”Vitrylo” showed the highest level of the genetic potential realization, its yield was by 0.11–0.28 % t/ha higher as compared with “Kyivske 96” variety depending on a predecessor. Conclusions. The dependence of the formation of millet productivity and of the mass of 1000 seeds depending on the predecessor was studied. On the average the increase in the grain yield during the years of study equaled 0.50–0.73 t/ha under a millet sowing after bare fallow and buckwheat. The cultivation of the varieties “Kyivske 76” and “Vitrylo” after bare fallow and buckwheat promotes to an increase of 1000 seeds mass up to 8.4–9.1 and 9.1–9.3 g respectively. The results of a chemical composition of millet grain depending on the biological varietal features and a predecessor are given. The sowing of the millet varieties “Kyivske 76” and “Vitrylo” after bare fallow promotes to an increase in the amount of protein up to 12.7 and 13.5 % respectively. The study of millet varieties reaction on the innovative elements of the adaptive cultivation technologies under Polissia conditions are prospective.