Abstract
With the goal of maximizing the efficiency of automated container terminals, taking the loading and unloading time as the research object, the integrated optimization of automated container terminal scheduling with proportional fair priority is established by setting the priority parameters under the premise of balancing the operation efficiency of each container ship at the berth. The model considers separate assignments of general containers and special containers in the actual operation at the automated container terminal, which is never considered in other literatures. A proportional fairness algorithm (PFA) is designed to solve the problem, taking the maximum of the ratio of quantities of remaining loading and unloading containers of each container ship to the distance of empty AGVs/YTs as the proportional fair priority. The priority of all current tasks is ranked, and the highest priority task is fulfilled first. Different from the published literature, the study of this paper can be presented in two aspects. One is in the modeling. This includes (i) formalizing the description of the purpose of the model and (ii) conducting a real-world coordination of four types of equipment that incorporate at automated container terminals which considers different operations between general goods and special goods in the actual automated terminal operations. The other is that PFA is applied to deal with the integrated scheduling whose results are better with the balance of efficiency and fairness.
Highlights
As the largest automated container terminal in the world with the most advanced automatic technology, the highest level of intelligence, and zero green emissions, Shanghai Yangshan Automated Terminal adopts the automated terminal production control system and has been ranked the No 1 in the world since 2010. e berthing time at the automated terminal of a container ship is determined directly by the loading and unloading efficiency of the automated terminal equipment. us, the research of the integrated scheduling of automated terminal equipment is of a great significance to improve terminal efficiency. e operation equipment at automated container terminal includes Quay Cranes (QCs), Automatic Guide Vehicles (AGVs), Automatic Stacking Cranes (ASCs), and Yard Trucks (YTs)
Since AGVs cannot transport ultralong, ultrawide, and dangerous containers, these two types of special containers are transported to special yards by the queued YTs at the berth. erefore, the integrated optimization of scheduling at automated container terminals discussed in this paper will be more comprehensive, containing QCs, AGVs, and ASCs and YTs, which is never considered in other literatures
By setting the priority parameters, the integrated model of QCs-AGVs (YTs)-ASCs scheduling is established under the premise of balancing the operating speed of each container ship at the berth. e model maximizes the efficiency of the automated terminal and solves the problem of fairness in operation of multiple container ships under various loading and unloading operations
Summary
As the largest automated container terminal in the world with the most advanced automatic technology, the highest level of intelligence, and zero green emissions, Shanghai Yangshan Automated Terminal adopts the automated terminal production control system and has been ranked the No 1 in the world since 2010. e berthing time at the automated terminal of a container ship is determined directly by the loading and unloading efficiency of the automated terminal equipment. us, the research of the integrated scheduling of automated terminal equipment is of a great significance to improve terminal efficiency. e operation equipment at automated container terminal includes Quay Cranes (QCs), Automatic Guide Vehicles (AGVs), Automatic Stacking Cranes (ASCs), and Yard Trucks (YTs). E joint optimization models were established for only two types of loading and unloading equipment including joint optimization of QCs-YTs [8], QCs-YCs [9, 10], and YT-YCs [11, 12] Since these three operations affected each other, the three-stage integrated optimization of the operation system was the most effective means to improve efficiency from the Mathematical Problems in Engineering perspective of system optimization [13]; Chen et al [14], which was rare in previous literatures. In order to realize the optimal scheduling of the whole system, Le and Zhang [26] proposed a new joint scheduling model of QCs, AGVs, and stacking cranes, which took the whole transportation system of the automated container terminal as the research object. Erefore, the integrated optimization of scheduling at automated container terminals discussed in this paper will be more comprehensive, containing QCs, AGVs, and ASCs and YTs, which is never considered in other literatures.
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