Abstract
Considerable research has been focused on the synthesis and characterization of several polymorphs of tin dioxide (SnO2). However, these polymorphs remain somewhat rare in modern photovoltaic applications. Due to their low cost and ultrahigh power conversion efficiency, hybrid organic-inorganic lead perovskites have caused a revolution among solar cell researchers. This study provides crucial insights into the optical behavior of SnO2 polymorphs, offering a valuable foundation for their potential applications in advanced electronic and photovoltaic technologies. The effective mass of stable SnO2 polymorphs has been computed and the charge carrier dynamics of SnO2 polymorphs, informing the selection and design of materials. Moreover, the SLME of SnO2 polymorphs was also computed and compared to that of other efficient perovskite solar cells. Both Pnnm and Pbca have equivalent efficiency in comparison to the rutile polymorph. Three of the seven stable polymorphs are effective in solar cell applications. This research represents the initial effort to investigate the atomic composition and electrical characteristics of different SnO2 polymorphs by the utilization of XANES, specifically at the Sn-K-edge and O-K-edge wavelengths. Our findings, as mentioned in this paper, may be an important advancement in the understanding of these materials, thereby facilitating the development of more efficient photovoltaic devices.
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