Abstract
The major nuclear research and development activities in Australia, including the operation of infrastructure and businesses associated with these activities, are conducted by the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). ANSTO's current operations are primarily based around large-scale scientific infrastructure supporting the production of radio-isotopes, particularly for health and medicine and the safe and secure management of radioactive wastes. The most important piece of nuclear infrastructure in Australia is the OPAL research reactor, which is multi-purpose by design with its main applications being neutron beams for research and irradiation of many different materials, some of which allow manufacture of radioisotopes for health and medicine. OPAL is a key part of the supply chain for the manufacture of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals for the health sector and other radioisotopes for a number of other industrial and research sectors.
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