Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and leukemia are among the most common cancers worldwide. While the treatment of NHL/leukemia of B-cell origin has much progressed with the introduction of targeted therapies, few treatment standards have been established for T-NHL/leukemia. As presentation in both B- and T-NHL/leukemia patients is often aggressive and as prognosis for relapsed disease is especially dismal, this cancer entity poses major challenges and requires innovative therapeutic approaches. In clinical trials, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been used against refractory multiple myeloma (MM). In preclinical settings, a number of OVs have demonstrated a remarkable ability to suppress various types of hematological cancers. Most studies dealing with this approach have used MM or B- or myeloid-cell-derived malignancies as models. Only a few describe susceptibility of T-cell lymphoma/leukemia to OV infection and killing. The rat H-1 parvovirus (H-1PV) is an OV with considerable promise as a novel therapeutic agent against both solid tumors (pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma) and hematological malignancies. The present perspective article builds on previous reports of H-1PV-driven regression of Burkitt’s lymphoma xenografts and on unpublished observations demonstrating effective killing by H-1PV of cells from CHOP-resistant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. On the basis of these studies, H-1PV is proposed for use as an adjuvant to (chemo)therapeutic regimens. Furthermore, in the light of a recently completed first parvovirus clinical trial in glioblastoma patients, the advantages of H-1PV for systemic application are discussed.
Highlights
Viruses and Human Health, a Two-EdgedSword: Chronology of Virus Rehabilitation1898: viruses are discovered as “minute living things capable of reproducing themselves.” After the pioneering work of Adolf Eduard Mayer, Dmitri Ivanovsky, and Martinus Beijerinck, two German researchers, Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch, were the first to contradict the “contagium vivum fluidum” hypothesis to define a virus as a tiny particle and to suggest that “the causative agents of numerous other infectious diseases of man and animals may belong to this group of minute organisms” [1]
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines (e.g., Pfeiffer) with upregulated expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 conferring CHOP resistance [90] were among the most sensitive H-1 PARVOVIRUS (H-1PV) targets. These results suggest a potential use of H-1PV in chemoresistant DLBCL cases
oncolytic viruses (OVs), notably H-1PV, appear as potential candidates, as it was recently shown by Li et al that another histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), valproic acid, when combined with oncolytic H-1PV, increases parvovirus-mediated cytotoxicity toward cervical and pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in synergistic killing [96]
Summary
Viruses and Human Health, a Two-EdgedSword: Chronology of Virus Rehabilitation1898: viruses are discovered as “minute living things capable of reproducing themselves.” After the pioneering work of Adolf Eduard Mayer, Dmitri Ivanovsky, and Martinus Beijerinck, two German researchers, Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch, were the first to contradict the “contagium vivum fluidum” (contagious living fluid) hypothesis to define a virus (the foot-and-mouth disease virus) as a tiny particle and to suggest that “the causative agents of numerous other infectious diseases of man and animals may belong to this group of minute organisms” [1]. More than a century after the first report on virus infection-associated clinical remission in cancer patients, virotherapy with oncolytic viruses (OVs) is the focus of a rapidly growing research field.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
