Abstract
The topicality of the study of communicative situations with three participants is conditioned by, firstly, the fact that pragma-linguistic characteristics of such form of speech interaction as trilogue should serve as a basis for the program development of chat-robots - virtual interlocutors; secondly, a traditional understanding of a communicative situation without reference to the number of the participants does not fully allow to identify the peculiarities of a person’s speech behavior in small-size speech groups. A communicative situation with three participants possesses a variety of pragmatic characteristic features conditioned by a limited number of verbal communication participants; regularities of turn-taking - the speaker and the listener - among the three participants; the configuration of the participants and the specificity of their relationship; the role-based status of the third person and other circumstances that influence the intentional and semantic aspects of utterances. For the classification of communicative situations two factors are important, particularly, the configuration of the participants and the specificity of their relationship; these features are the ones that determine the other pragmatic characteristics of a communicative situation. Based on these factors three major types of a communicative situation are distinguished: in the first type each of the three communicants are participants of verbal communication taking turns in a conversation, where necessary, with various illocutionary intentions; in the second type one of the communicants is the speaker and two others are addressees; in the third type the first two communicants are primary (the speaker and the addressee) while the third participant is secondary, optional. “The third person” can acquire a definite status in the communicative situation depending on the degree - from minimal to high - of his/her involvement in communication.
Highlights
For the classification of communicative situations two factors are important, the configuration of the participants and the specificity of their relationship; these features are the ones that determine the other pragmatic characteristics of a communicative situation
The topicality of the study of communicative situations with three participants is conditioned by, firstly, the fact that pragma-linguistic characteristics of such form of speech interaction as trilogue should serve as a basis for the program development of chat-robots — virtual interlocutors; secondly, a traditional understanding of a communicative situation without reference to the number of the participants does not fully allow to identify the peculiarities of a person’s speech behavior in small-size speech groups
A communicative situation with three participants possesses a variety of pragmatic characteristic features conditioned by a limited number of verbal communication participants; regularities of turn-taking — the speaker and the listener — among the three participants; the configuration of the participants and the specificity of their relationship; the role-based status of the third person and other circumstances that influence the intentional and semantic aspects of utterances
Summary
Тип КС1: Варварушка опять взглянула на образ и перекрестилась. — Да, никто меня не берет, Спиридоновна, — сказала Анна Акимовна, чтобы переменить разговор. — Что поделаешь? — Сама виновата, мать. Все участники вступают в разговор в зависимости от интенциональных намерений друг друга: жалоба Анны Акимовны с целью смены темы разговора вызывает обвинение со стороны Варвары Спиридоновны и пожелание выходить замуж за купца, что в свою очередь провоцирует реплику тетушки, выступающей против такого предложения и предлагающей выходить замуж за благородного. — Потому стреляют, что немцы — мерзавцы, — неожиданно бурчит старший. — Нет, не слухи, — упрямо отвечает Елена, — это не слух, а верно; сегодня видела Щеглову, и она сказала, что из-под Бородянки вернули два немецких полка. — Подумай сама, — начинает старший, — мыслимое ли дело, чтобы немцы подпустили этого прохвоста близко к городу? В КС1 осуществляется закономерная последовательная смена ролей участников, в ходе которой возможно изменение темы разговора, многократный переход от одной темы к другой, речевое общение может занимать достаточно длительное время; разговор участников характеризуется интенциональным разнообразием. Замкнутость коммуникативного цикла, ограниченность числа участников, постоянная смена ролей обеспечивают длительность речевого контакта в данной КС1
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