Abstract
The New Perspectives on Genetic Studies of Type 2 Diabetes and Thyroid Diseases
Highlights
The genetic research of complex diseases has achieved remarkable leap during the past several years since the completion of the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of age-related macular degeneration has been published in 2006 [1]
GWAS has been extensively employed in genetic analysis of various human diseases as well as diseaserelated quantitative traits (e.g., body height, blood glucose levels, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference)
GWAS has led to the discovery of hundreds of susceptibility loci that are associated with complex endocrine and metabolic traits, as long as diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and hyperthyroidism, and so on
Summary
The genetic research of complex diseases has achieved remarkable leap during the past several years since the completion of the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of age-related macular degeneration has been published in 2006 [1]. GWAS has led to the discovery of hundreds of susceptibility loci that are associated with complex endocrine and metabolic traits, as long as diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and hyperthyroidism, and so on. Many of the T2D susceptibility genes identified by GWAS affect cell function (cell cycle regulation), and only a limited number of T2D GWAS loci are associated with insulin resistance (e.g., PPARG, FTO, IRS1 and KLF14) [34].
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