The neonatal intubation causes defects in primary teeth of premature infants

Norma Suely Falcao De Oliveira Melo,Regina Paula Guimaraes Vieira Cavalcante Da Silva,Antonio Adilson Soares De Lima

doi:10.5507/bp.2013.004

Norma Suely Falcao De Oliveira Melo, Regina Paula Guimaraes Vieira Cavalcante Da Silva + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2013.004

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Journal: Biomedical Papers	Publication Date: Feb 26, 2013
Citations: 10	License type: cc-by

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intubation during the neonatal period and enamel defects in primary teeth of preterm infants. It was an observational, prospective, analytical and sampling of convenience. We selected 157 children who had average birth weight of 1656.3±627.8 g, gestational age of 31.7±2.7 weeks and the examination of chronological age 2.2±0.6 years old. Clinical examination of the oral cavity showed that the frequency of enamel defects was higher (86.3%) among children intubated when compared to non-intubated children (13.7%). The enamel defects was found to be inversely proportional to gestational age. The intubation time was related to the probability of occurrence of DDE (P<0.001), in other words, the greater the number of days intubated, the greater the chance of DDE. In children intubated, hypoplasia mainly affected the upper teeth on the left side of the mouth. Tracheal intubation in the neonatal period is the main cause of enamel defects in primary teeth of children born preterm. The longer the duration of intubation, the greater the chance of developing dental enamel defect. The area of action during movement of the laryngoscope toggle corresponds to the region most affected by tooth enamel hypoplasia in children intubated, upper right central incisor, lateral incisor and upper left.

Highlights

The early termination of pregnancy and the resulting organic and functional immaturity are crucial to the high morbidity and mortality in premature newborns
New technologies used in the neonatal intensive care led to improvements in the quality of perinatal care of preterm infants resulting in increased survival of newborns with morbidities such as perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), hemorrhage periintraventricular (HPIV) infections and necrotizing enterocolitis[6]
These units are accredited by the manager of the Unified Health System / Brazil as a tertiary center for treatment of preterm infants and risk and serve predominantly children born in the Maternity Service of Hospital de Clínicas (HC), which is one of the centers for high-pregnancies risk in Curitiba and metropolitan region with has an average of 2,178 births/year

Summary

Introduction

The early termination of pregnancy and the resulting organic and functional immaturity are crucial to the high morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. Prematurity is immediate or late manifestations of the growth and development of children[1,2,3], and the survival of premature infants one of the most important challenges of neonatology[4,5]. New technologies used in the neonatal intensive care led to improvements in the quality of perinatal care of preterm infants resulting in increased survival of newborns with morbidities such as perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), hemorrhage periintraventricular (HPIV) infections and necrotizing enterocolitis[6]. Tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for respiratory support is a resource used in the care of preterm infants to reduce the mortality in this population. Oral lesions occur mainly in the buccal mucosa, the hypoglossal nerve, lingual nerve, fractured teeth, defective development of enamel (DDE), disruption of the dental crown, and dental malformations[9,10,11,12,13,14]

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