Abstract
A first survey of Muscidae in the State of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) is presented here with a one-year of Malaise trap collecting from August 2010 to July 2011 at the Biological Reserve Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba (23°46′00″-23°47′10″S, 46°18′20″-46°20′40″W, 750-891 m of altitude). A total of 1,284 individuals of muscids were collected, and 15 genera and 39 species of Muscidae were identified. So far, only one muscid species had been recorded to the Reserve, which now has its Muscidae diversity increased to 40 species. Thirteen species are new records for the State of São Paulo. With this, the number of species of Muscidae species known to occur in the State of São Paulo is increased to 169. The interval between November and February was higher in number of individuals and number of species. Muscidae presented a seasonal pattern, with more abundance and diversity in that interval. The study area is covered by secondary forest and very close to São Paulo metropolitan area, and the composition of the fauna of Muscidae signalizes this environment changing and anthropic stress with nine species with synanthropic habits, two of them are typically synanthropic species.
Highlights
The family Muscidae is worldwide distributed and include about 5,200 described species in genera (Pape et al, 2011)
This survey took place in the Biological Reserve Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba (Fig. 1) (23°46′00′′, 23°47′10′′S; 46°18′20′′, 46°20′40′′W, 750‐891 m of altitude), located in the municipality of Santo André, State of São Paulo, Brazil
The area is predominantly covered with secondary Atlantic Forest under different successional stages, and that altered flora is due to historical anthropic intervention (Sugiyama et al, 2009), as this area is very close to São Paulo metropolitan area
Summary
The family Muscidae is worldwide distributed and include about 5,200 described species in genera (Pape et al, 2011). Region there are over 800 species and 85 genera (Couri & Carvalho, 2005). The family is greatly abundant in all continents, occurring in most oceanic islands, and in the Arctic and regions of tundra vegetation (Huckett & Vockeroth, 1987). Muscid flies have diverse feeding habits, including predators, phytophagous, saprophagous, anthophilous, parasites and haematophagous (Couri, 1999; Savage & Vockeroth, 2010; Carvalho et al, 2012). There are a number of studies with inventory of Diptera in the Neotropics With regard to Muscidae, there are a number of inventories in Brazil, but unbalanced between 1991; Couri et al, 2000; Pamplona et al., 2000; Krüger et al, 2010; Borkent et al, 2018; Zafalon-Silva et al, 2018), on the other hand, several studies focused on groups with agricultural or forensic importance (e.g., Ferraz et al, 2009; Mulieri et al, 2011; Garcia et al, 2003; Cavallari et al, 2015; Carvalho et al, 2017; Olea et al, 2017).
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