Abstract
The value of heart rate variability (HRV) in the fields of health, disease, and exercise science has been established through numerous investigations. The typical mobile-based HRV device simply records interbeat intervals, without differentiation between noise or arrythmia as can be done with an electrocardiogram (ECG). The intent of this report is to validate a new single channel ECG device, the Movesense Medical sensor, against a conventional 12 channel ECG. A heterogeneous group of 21 participants performed an incremental cycling ramp to failure with measurements of HRV, before (PRE), during (EX), and after (POST). Results showed excellent correlations between devices for linear indexes with Pearson’s r between 0.98 to 1.0 for meanRR, SDNN, RMSSD, and 0.95 to 0.97 for the non-linear index DFA a1 during PRE, EX, and POST. There was no significant difference in device specific meanRR during PRE and POST. Bland–Altman analysis showed high agreement between devices (PRE and POST: meanRR bias of 0.0 and 0.4 ms, LOA of 1.9 to −1.8 ms and 2.3 to −1.5; EX: meanRR bias of 11.2 to 6.0 ms; LOA of 29.8 to −7.4 ms during low intensity exercise and 8.5 to 3.5 ms during high intensity exercise). The Movesense Medical device can be used in lieu of a reference ECG for the calculation of HRV with the potential to differentiate noise from atrial fibrillation and represents a significant advance in both a HR and HRV recording device in a chest belt form factor for lab-based or remote field-application.
Highlights
The biosignal of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) signifying cardiac interbeat interval variation is a promising candidate as a non-invasive marker for the exploration of cardiac autonomic function, with applications both in remote, local laboratory, and clinical settings [1–3]
The variability in cardiac interbeat intervals is the result of the interaction of multiple regulatory mechanisms that operate at different time scales [4]
Bland–Altman analysis for meanRR showed a mean difference of 0.0 ms (±0.9) with upper and lower limits of agreement (LOA) of 1.9 to −1.8 ms in PRE, and mean difference of 0.4 ms (±0.9) with upper and lower limits of 2.3 to −1.5 ms in POST
Summary
The biosignal of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) signifying cardiac interbeat interval variation is a promising candidate as a non-invasive marker for the exploration of cardiac autonomic function, with applications both in remote, local laboratory, and clinical settings [1–3]. The variability in cardiac interbeat intervals is the result of the interaction of multiple regulatory mechanisms that operate at different time scales [4]. This includes long-term mechanisms (e.g., circadian rhythms) and short-term processes integrating the autonomic, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems [5,6]. HRV possesses a broad range of applications in health and disease. Examples include biofeedback interventions in chronic disease management [7], the assessment of cognitive function, impairment and aging [8,9], psychological states in health and disease, including posttraumatic stress disorder or psychiatric disorders such as depression or anxiety [10–12], pain disorders [13,14], viral infections [15,16], as a prognostic factor for cancer survival [17], endurance exercise and training prescription, and the effect of exercise and training interventions in both resting states as well as during dynamic exercise and post-exercise recovery [2,4,18–21]
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