The mortality rate of tiger shrimp Penaeus modonon infected with White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) was treated with Mangrove Sonneratia alba extract at various concentrations

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effect of different concentrations of mangrove leaf S. alba extract which has been challenged with WSSV on the mortality rate of tiger shrimp P. monodon. The plastic container filled with 30 L sterile seawater salinity 30 ppt stocked with 10 pcs of tiger shrimp 15 g in size. Six concentrations of mangrove extract were tested; A). 0.01%; B). 0.1%; C). 1%; D). 10%; E). 100%. F). control (shrimp injected with WSSV suspension without mangrove extract). Each treatment with three replications. The WSSV suspension was mixed with mangrove extract (from boiling 1 kg of fresh leaves of S. alba in 5 L of water cooked to 2.5 L) according to the treatment with a ratio of 1:2 and incubated at a temperature of 29 oC for 3 hours. Then the mixture is injected into tiger shrimp by intramuscular as much as 100 μL/shrimp. Tiger shrimp mortality was observed daily, while total hemocytes, ProPO, and differential hemocytes were observed at the end of the study. The results showed that on the first day, the mortality of tiger shrimp was highest in treatment E and lowest in treatments A, and F(control). However, from the second day until the seventh day (the end of the study), the mortality of tiger shrimp was highest in treatment A and lowest in treatment C. The results of this study showed that the concentration of extract of S. alba 1% is most effective in inactivating WSSV, therefore tiger shrimp mortality can be reduced.