The Monoclonal Gammopathies (Paraproteins)

Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the pathogenesis of monoclonal gammopathies, including their cause, animal models, and role of T and B lymphocytes, cytogenetic aspects, and molecular biology. It focusses on the recognition of monoclonal proteins in the clinical chemistry laboratory, and a practical classification of the monoclonal gammopathies. The chapter presents the long-term follow-up data on a group of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The differentiation of benign from malignant monoclonal gammopathies is examined, and the association of monoclonal gammopathies with other diseases is discussed. The antibody activity of monoclonal gammopathies is presented, and biclonal gammopathies and idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria are discussed. Genetic factor is important in the pathogenesis of monoclonal gammopathies. There are several well-documented reports of familial clusters of two or more first-degree relatives with multiple myeloma. Analysis of urine is essential for patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Sulfosalicylic acid or Exton's reagent is best for the detection of protein. Electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis of urine were performed on all patients with a serum monoclonal protein. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with monoclonal gammopathies.