Abstract
In order to analyze the scattering characteristics of sea surface under high sea state, a complete scattering model of sea surface considering breaking wave is established in this study based on the refined facet scattering field model (RFSFM) and the scattering theory of breaking wave. On the basis of this model, the influence of breaking waves on the mono/bistatic SAR imaging of sea surface at HH and VV polarization is studied. The results show that with the increase in wind speed, the coverage of breaking wave increases obviously and the consideration of breaking wave has a good correction for the scattering coefficient at HH polarization under grazing incidence; however, for VV polarization, the effect of breaking wave is very small.
Highlights
Radar plays an increasingly important role in the detection and identification of targets in marine environment
Zhang et al [17, 18] studied the bistatic SAR imagery of sea surface using the extended nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm and bistatic SAR image of composite ship-ocean scene based on the four-path model. rough the efforts of many scholars, the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of the complex marine environment have been greatly promoted
As the incident angle continues to increase, the ratio will exceed 1. e maximum intensity of HH polarization is greater than that of VV polarization, which shows the phenomenon of high polarization ratio and sea peak; these similar phenomena are shown in many real SAR images. erefore, the model in this paper can be used to analyze the scattering of sea surface environment under high sea state
Summary
Radar plays an increasingly important role in the detection and identification of targets in marine environment. When the electromagnetic wave emitted by radar irradiates on the complex marine environment, the received scattering echo contains the shape, position, motion state, and other information of the target on sea surface and inevitably contains the information of the sea surface. Xu [15] deeply studied the simulation of SAR echo signal in complex ocean environment by using the four-path model and high frequency calculation method. Zhang et al [17, 18] studied the bistatic SAR imagery of sea surface using the extended nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm and bistatic SAR image of composite ship-ocean scene based on the four-path model. Erefore, it is of great significance to establish an electromagnetic model to study the scattering echo of sea surface with breaking waves at high sea state. The mono/bistatic SAR imaging of sea surface is simulated and discussed when the breaking waves are contained
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