The monitoring of slow-moving landslides and assessment of stabilisation measures using an optical–mechanical crack gauge

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It is possible to monitor slow-moving landslides and assess landslide stabilisation measures over protracted periods using an optical–mechanical crack gauge called a TM-71. This technical note outlines the theoretical background to the gauge and illustrates its practical application through a number of case studies. These studies are drawn from a range of landslide types and stabilisation measures. In terms of monitoring slow-moving landslides, three studies of deep-seated deformations are presented. The Taukliman coastal landslide on the Black Sea Coast is characterised by vertical and horizontal displacements of up to 0.2 mm year−1 and sudden earthquake-induced dilations of up to 6 mm. The Parohy ridge spreading landslide in the Mala Fatra Mountains is characterised by gravitationally induced vertical displacements of 0.7 mm year−1. The slope deformation that formed Cyrilka Cave in the Beskydy Mountains is characterised by very slow sinistral strike–slip movements of 0.8 mm year−1. In terms of assessing landslide stabilisation measures, two studies are presented from Orava Castle in Slovakia and Tetin in the Czech Republic. The data recorded at these sites demonstrate that the constructed stabilisation measures have successfully alleviated the potential landslide hazard in both localities. These case studies clearly demonstrate that the gauge represents an important tool with which to monitor slow-moving landslides and assess landslide stabilisation measures. It is able to provide a precise three-dimensional record of deformation, withstand harsh environmental conditions, and record reliable data over protracted periods.