Abstract
In this paper, we minimize the number of belts on the diffractive binary optical element (DOE) to generate a strong longitudinally polarized beam by focusing a radially polarized Bessel–Gaussian beam. Based on a combination of the three-belt DOE and a high-numerical aperture parabolic mirror focusing system, a needle of strong longitudinally polarized beam can be achieved. The transverse full width at half maximum of this longitudinally polarized beam is 0.40 λ and the longitudinal field power fraction reaches 85%. In alternative focusing elements, three belts are the minimum number of the DOE for Bessel–Gauss beams.
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