Abstract
The methods of choledocholithiasis treatment, which are currently used in clinics of the Russian Federa-tion, has been presented. The problems of diagnosis and treatment of gallstones (GSD) in individuals of different age groups are spotlighted. In the study of treatment of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis, including arising complications, it can be concluded that so far the ideal method of treatment of this pa-thology has not been found. Up to now, the majority of doctor’s main treatment is surgical removal of gall stones by some method or other. This article also considers a conservative approach (drug: antispasmodics (selective and nonselective), and non-pharmacological: treatment, diet), describes the criteria and assessment of the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions that help in the question of further treatment: the continuation of drug therapy or assignment of surgical treatment. Invasive techniques that are covered in the article, namely, a tech-nique of remote and endoscopic lithotripsy, are high-tech and in demand at the moment, which, along with high efficiency removal of a stone, reduced the number and severity of postoperative complications. Additionally, in the analysis of the features of a particular method of treatment, advantages and disadvantages of different treatment methods are described, indications and contraindications (absolute and relative) together with complications, possible outcomes, and further prognosis are high-lighted.
Highlights
The methods of choledocholithiasis treatment, which are currently used in clinics of the Russian Federation, has been presented
This article considers a conservative approach (drug: antispasmodics, and non-pharmacological: treatment, diet), describes the criteria and assessment of the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions that help in the question of further treatment: the continuation of drug therapy or assignment of surgical treatment
Invasive techniques that are covered in the article, namely, a technique of remote and endoscopic lithotripsy, are high-tech and in demand at the moment, which, along with high efficiency removal of a stone, reduced the number and severity of postoperative complications
Summary
МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ХОЛЕДОХОЛИТИАЗА Мерзликин Н.В.1, Подгорнов В.Ф.2, Семичев Е.В.1, Бушланов П.С.1, Талачева В.Д.1. Рассматриваются современные методы лечения холедохолитиаза, которые применяются в настоящее время в Российской Федерации в клиниках хирургического профиля. Цель исследования – сбор, обобщение и оценка эффективности основных методов лечения пациентов с желчнокаменной болезнью, осложненной холедохолитиазом. Среди методов оперативного лечения рассматривается холедохотомия как наиболее частое вмешательство на общем желчном протоке при данной патологии. Методы лечения холедохолитиаза калькулезный холецистит является самой частой причиной госпитализации больных [1]. Чаще всего госпитализируют пациентов пожилого возраста в связи с наличием осложненного течения ЖКБ, а также отягощенным коморбидным фоном и высокой частотой осложнений оперативного вмешательства (пожилые пациенты с обострением калькулезного холецистита составляют до 60% всех больных отделений общей хирургии стационаров скорой медицинской помощи). Целью настоящей статьи является сбор, обобщение, а также оценка эффективности основных методов лечения пациентов с ЖКБ, осложненной холедохолитиазом. Анализ подобной информации позволит усовершенствовать ранее разработанные аппараты, а также создать методики и приборы, основным преимуществом которых будет снижение травматизма при оперативных вариантах лечения и уменьшение числа осложнений
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