The Methodology Used by Fact-Checkers. An In-Depth Analysis of Commonly Used Strategies

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research analyses the common features of the methodology used by fact-checkers of the #CoronaVirusFacts alliance. By using a mixed approach together with content analysis, this study offers an in-depth exploration and census of all fact-checkers worldwide regarding the methodology they use to carry out their task, in addition to the following proposed work phases: a) identification and selection of information –criteria and technique used; b) research and verification; c) drafting and publication of fact-checked information; and d) transparency process and correction policy. The conclusion reached is that the pandemic has intensified the activity and interaction among the platforms that comprise the #CoronaVirusFacts alliance, which has established this network as a professional association that fully complies with standard codes of ethics. Transparent funding and a strong commitment to impartiality are the qualities embodied by these micro-media verifiers, who are mostly independent. Moreover, they use a variety of sources to cross-check information. This research is part of the R&D&I project on disinformation (Impact of disinformation on journalism: content, professional routines and audiences (DESINFOPER) PID2019-108956RB-I00), which highlights the need to study the inner workings of verification processes worldwide in order to build public trust in these fact-checkers, and to transfer their work and best practices to similar platforms.