THE METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS OF J. JOYCE'S NOVEL "ULISSES" (EMPHASES OF DARIA VIKONSKA)

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need to include the novel "Ulysses" by J. Joyce in university and, if possible, school curricula in foreign literature, as well as the need for its interpretation, despite the excessive complexity of the text and difficulty of perception. It is also important to return the legacy of D. Vikonska, a writer, critic, art critic and literary critic, to modern Ukrainian culture. Research methodology: a model of analysis of the modernist novel "Ulysses", created on the basis of the research work of D. Vikonska “James Joyce. The secret of his artistic face” (1934). Scientific novelty: for the first time the analysis of the novel "Ulysses" is carried out with the broad involvement of the half-forgotten studio of D. Vikonska, which has not lost its relevance, clearly articulates the modernist nature of the work, including surreal style. The purpose of the study: to draw attention to the outstanding figure of D. Vikonska as the founder of Ukrainian Joyce studies, to include her in the modern literary process, to show with her help the significant role of Joyce's novel "Ulysses". Conclusions. The answer to the question why Joyce's novel Ulysses is considered a landmark work of modernism should be concise but convincing, based on macro- and microanalysis of the text. First of all, it is a unique example of the author's self-expression, extreme subjectivism (the whimsy of Joyce's nature), transformed into universalism. No one is as subjective as Joyce is, no one is as universal as he is. Such can only be a conscious modernist who has passed the difficult path of search outside, in the world of culture, and inside, looking into the irrational depths of his own psyche. This is the most rational, intellectual and at the same time irrational, or visionary, according to K.G. Jung, type of creativity. Second: this is the boldest (revolutionary, in the words of Vikonska) challenge to tradition (or Cultural Canon, according to K.G. Jung), which manifested itself in the ironic parody of almost all known literary forms and narrative means, many moral and ethical norms. Third: it is a brilliant example of the author's style, a variant of surrealism, which grows out of naturalism and turns into neomythologism. Joyce's style is characterized by the following features: associative metaphorical writing, author's dictionary, which includes numerous innovations, narrative reception of the flow of consciousness; use of dreams, delusions, other boundary conditions; a bizarre intertwining of past and present, when dead and living characters are equal in meaning; consistent reflection of the external in the internal and vice versa; a labyrinth of human wanderings in search of pleasures, meaning, cognition and self-knowledge. Joyce modeled the next stage in the development of culture – the transition from modernism to postmodernism, from an ironic re-reading of tradition to playing with it.