IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CATEGORY OF OPPOSITION IN DIALECT TEXTS

Abstract

A dialect text is an informative and valuable source for researching the entire dialect system of a language, as well as for interdisciplinary studies related to cultural studies, folklore, ethnography, etc. The issues of the category of opposition were studied by L.A. Bulakhovskyi, F. de Saussure, O.O. Potebnia and others; Ukrainian linguists today consider antonymy mainly with regard to pragmatics (F.S. Batsevych, D.V. Movchan, K.V. Taranenko, N.O. Rusnak). In the article the category of opposition as one of the most widespread in the dialect text, the basis for creating informativeness about the past for the present life is analysed. It has been found that the category of opposition in oral stories-memoirs of dialect speakers is realised in the form of concepts-oppositions. Specific examples are used to illustrate the use of verbalisation techniques for concepts with oppositional meanings within the semantic field of the КОЛИСЬ – ЗАРАЗ. Іn dialect discourse, speakers focus on distinct differences in life and activity over time, and for the informativeness of communication, they talk about modern traditions and point out the differences in the past, thus expressing their attitude to such changes. The category of opposition is based on the opposite, which covers all spheres of human existence. In statements, two opposite states of an object or a subject are realised, and most importantly, the attitude of the linguistic personality, which makes it possible to create connotatively coloured linguistic units. The category of opposition as a logical procedure based on opposition (dissimilarity, incompatibility, comparison of objects, states, characteristics by certain differential features) covers the entire reality of human existence. Statements can represent two opposite states of an object or a subject, and most importantly, the attitude of a linguistic personality, which makes it possible to create connotatively coloured linguistic units.