THE METHOD FOR CALCULATIONS THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIELDS OF THERMOHALINE CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE BLACK SEA DEEP-WATER AREA BY REMOTE MEASUREMENTS DATA

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. The results of studies on the development of methods for calculations of the vertical distribution of temperature and salinity fields in the active layer of the Black Sea by remote measurements data was presents in article. To solve the many practical problems, it is necessary to use vertical distribution of hydrological characteristics of the marine environment. Today there isn't an easy way to get a in situ data for evaluation of the vertical distribution of these characteristics. Indirect definitions of the vertical distribution of water temperature and salinity through the development of various methods for the calculation of the vertical profile of water temperature are used to date.Main purpose of this work is to estimate an ability of using of satellite data for calculation of the spatial distribution of thermohaline characteristics (on the example of the Black Sea).Data & Methods. The initial data of the actual water temperature and salinity values were station data or measurement from the ship data (OSD – Ocean Station data), data measured with the help of floats (PFL – Profiling float data) and satellite data of the sea surface temperature.Calculations of the vertical distribution of temperature and salinity fields in the active layer of the Black Sea by remote measurements data are based on original methods developed by the State Institution “Hydroacoustics Branch of Institute of Geophysics of NAS of Ukraine”. The development of methods was based on mathematical, physical and statistical methods of calculation.Study of vertical distribution of water temperature and salinity in the Black Sea were carried out in the deep-water part sea at standard levels (0, 10, 20, 25, 30, 50 meters) in spring – autumn period.Results. In the process of research, the following tasks were solved: the possibility of calculating the speed of sound from the values of water temperature calculated on the basis of satellite information are estimated; the possibility of calculating the salinity of water by the values of water temperature, sound speed in water and hydrostatic pressure are estimated; a method for calculations the vertical distribution of the fields of thermohaline characteristics in the active layer of the Black Sea by remote measurements data has been developed.A prototype of a computer program for calculations the vertical distribution of temperature and salinity fields in the Black Sea based on remote measurements data has been developed. The program automatically determines where and by what equations the vertical distribution of the fields of thermohaline characteristics in the active layer of the Black Sea can be calculated.The initial data for the calculations are only daily satellite data of the sea surface temperature and the month of the year.Designed by us, the prototype of a computer program to calculate the vertical distribution of the fields of thermohaline characteristics in the active layer of the Black Sea based on the remote measurements could serve as a basis for the establishment of a "Operational Forecast System of the fields of thermohaline characteristics in the Black Sea based on the remote measurements" (OFS). With the help of which the dynamics of characteristics and effects of their change on hydrobiological, hydrochemical, hydrophysical processes in the Black Sea and the ecosystem of the sea in general can be evaluated.In our opinion the developed method for calculating of the vertical distribution of the fields of thermohaline characteristics by remote measurements data can be applied to others water area of the World Ocean taking into account their hydrological conditions.