The Medical Internet of Things: A Review of Intelligent Machine Learning and Deep Learning Applications for Leveraging Healthcare

Abstract

AbstractIn the twenty-first century where we are witnessing full of technological miracles, the Internet of Things (IoT) appeared as an innovative technological domain that promises ubiquitous connection to the World Wide Web, turning common objects into connected devices through the connections made over the World Wide Web. This IoT has a huge potential to change the way we live, and it is being severed in many domains including healthcare, smart homes, traffic control, smart cities, agriculture, and various industries. In order to support numerous creative services and applications, it paves the way for the development of ubiquitously connected infrastructure, offering improved performance, and versatility. The emergence and the rapid evolvement of the Medical Internet of Things (MIoT), which also known as the use of IoT in healthcare have gained higher attention among the academia, industry, and researchers, for its potential to alleviate the burden on the medical sector caused by rising of pandemics like recent COVID-19, the rise of the aging population and chronic diseases and shortage of skilled medical staff. A typical IoT-based Healthcare system comprised of heterogeneous devices (miniature wearable devices, sensing devices, mobile devices, medical information systems, gateways, routers, switches, remote medical servers, and cloud databases) which continuously generates a huge amount of data that is diversified and highly sensitive. This large volume of data often demands various techniques for proper analysis to provide meaningful insights about disease diagnoses, patient condition monitoring, and security anomaly detection in the underlying systems which leads to improvement of patient care, cost reduction, rapid patient care, quick diagnosis, and securing the pervasive healthcare ecosystem. Machine learning and deep learning play a key role in the analysis of this data and generate meaningful insights. From this study, we hope to explore intelligent machine learning and deep learning applications and approaches that serve in a variety of medical domains such as disease diagnosis, medical image analysis, security, condition monitoring which have been used to leverage healthcare to the next level. Further, in addition to providing in-depth knowledge about machine learning and deep learning-based solutions, we also provide a comprehensive overview of the architecture of MIoT and current research and the future directions through this study.KeywordsMachine LearningDeep LearningIoTMIoTBig dataHealthcare