Abstract

Examples of biological control of plant diseases are analyzed to identify the mechanisms by which such control is effected. The evidence supporting the hypothesis that metabolites produced by one organism may inhibit another is presented. The fact that the formation of such a toxic material is an adaptive phenomenon in response to the presence of the inhibited organism is of considerable significance. Failure to compete successfully for suitable substrates is a form of biological control, that probably ranks second in importance. Lysis appears not to be a primary mechanism of microbial antagonism in the soil. Biological control of soil-borne pathogens is an important factor in disease control in nature. Its exploitation requires sustained and imaginative effort.

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