The marine halophytes Carpobrotus edulis L. and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum L. are potential sources of nutritionally important PUFAs and metabolites with antioxidant, metal chelating and anticholinesterase inhibitory activities

Abstract

Abstract We report antioxidant, metal chelating and anticholinesterase activities of methanol extracts from two edible halophytes, Carpobrotus edulis and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. We also report a preliminary chemical screening, total contents of phenolic compounds in the extracts and the fatty acid profiles of both species. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum is a potential source of metabolites with free radical scavenging, iron (Fe3+) reducing and copper (Cu2+) chelating activities; it had a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (46.5%), mainly α-linolenic and linoleic acids. Carpobrotus edulis had dual anti-cholinesterase activity against both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Both species had a high content of phenolic compounds. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum is a potential biological source of biochemicals counteracting free radical-induced oxidative damage and also degenerative diseases associated with metabolic stress, such as cancer and neurological disorders. Carpobrotus edulis is a candidate species for future studies on novel and alternative therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders associated with low levels of acetylcholine in the brain.