THE MAIN TRENDS OF CHANGES IN HEAT SUPPLY AND MOISTURE DURING THE GROWING SEASON IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

Abstract

The article reveals the trends in the values of heat supply and moisture during the growing season based on the use of one of the integral indicators of the degree of moisture in territories - the hydrothermal coefficient by G.T. Selyaninov. The relevance of the study is that the Republic of Bashkortostan is one of the regions of the Russian Federation characterized by a high level of development of agricultural production. It is noted that the processes observed over the past decades reflect the aggravation of the economic and environmental situations and are largely related to the ongoing changes in climatic conditions on a regional scale. This requires the need for appropriate calculations and estimates. The study is based on the analysis of the materials of long-term hydrometeorological observations conducted through the Roshydromet network, which reflects the reliability of the results obtained. The observation period covers 1936-2021 and includes characteristic phases in the composition of cyclic fluctuations of the observed quantities. The article notes that the calculations and estimates for studying the features of changes in the conditions of heat supply and moisture supply, carried out in recent years, indicate a violation of the homogeneity of the series of observations. Based on the performance of a large number of calculations and estimates with a certain degree of conditionality, the time for a cardinal change in trends was identified. Therefore, in the article, 2 samples were selected for the general population of random variables, which made it possible to identify absolute and relative deviations of the norms for them and carry out cartographic analysis using the ArcGIS software package. It has been established that during the period of noticeable climatic changes in most of the territory of the republic there is a tendency to increase the values of the hydrothermal coefficient.