The main reserves of increasing the efficiency of greenhouse plants of the Republic of Belarus

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to develop scientifically based proposals to increase the efficiency of the production of greenhouse vegetables by reducing the consumption of heat and electricity, taking into account the characteristics of the main greenhouse plants of the Republic of Belarus. Research methods: abstract-logical, monographic, computational-constructive, economic-statistical. On the basis of laboratory and field tests and economic tests and studies at the Zhdanovichi agro-industrial complex MRU Minsk district of Minsk region and the Teplichny branch of RUE Vitebskenergo in the urban village of Orekhovsk, Orsha district, Vitebsk region, the main reserves for reducing the cost of greenhouse vegetables were identified. Elements of scientific novelty consist in assessing the effectiveness of the introduction of energy-saving greenhouses according to the Dutch principle in greenhouse agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Belarus. The main equipment in the proposed solution is a cogeneration unit based on a gas piston unit. The high electrical ef-ficiency of the gas piston unit, the use of condensers for cooling the exhaust gases to a temperature of 50-60°C allow achiev-ing the overall efficiency of the unit at the level of 92-94%, which guarantees high efficiency of equipment operation with the cost of heat production significantly lower than the tariff in the power system (by 20-30%). The widespread use of light-transmitting polycarbonate honeycomb panels, which allow observing the optimal com-bination of illumination, temperature, humidity, structural strength in greenhouses, and the use of modern computer pro-grams that reliably and accurately control a complex of modern systems – curtain, evaporative humidification and evapora-tion – can allow increasing the yield of products up to 25%. Keywords: vegetable growing, protected ground, analysis, region, market, technology, productivity, costs, profita-bility.