Abstract
Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov is considered one of the most important anatomists and surgeons in the history of medicine. The Russian physician conducted more than 11,000 dissections and meticulously studied human anatomy, discovering important anatomical regions such as Pirogov's triangle. Pirogov developed surgical methods and techniques used by physicians for many decades such as Pirogov's amputation. Pirogov is also known for his contribution to war medicine, given his experience practicing medicine in the Crimean War as a surgeon, where he introduced innovative methods for the treatment of injured soldiers. Pirogov’s most important contribution to the scientific community is his humanistic and democratic mentality—which he maintained until the end of his life—elements necessary for the evolution of every modern physician and scientist.
Highlights
BackgroundNikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810–1881) is considered an outstanding anatomist and surgeon originating from Russia, with a significant body of scientific work (Figure 1).Received 09/20/2018 Review began 09/26/2018 Review ended 10/05/2018 Published 10/08/2018How to cite this article Koutsouflianiotis K, Paraskevas G K, Zagelidou E, et al (October 08, 2018) The Life and Work of Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810-1881): An Outstanding Anatomist and Surgeon
Pirogov is known for his contribution to war medicine, given his experience practicing medicine in the Crimean War as a surgeon, where he introduced innovative methods for the treatment of injured soldiers
Pirogov’s most important contribution to the scientific community is his humanistic and democratic mentality—which he maintained until the end of his life—elements necessary for the evolution of every modern physician and scientist
Summary
Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810–1881) is considered an outstanding anatomist and surgeon originating from Russia, with a significant body of scientific work (Figure 1). The famous surgeons Johann Rust and Carl Ferdinand von Graafe disappointed Pirogov Dieffenbach, despite his excellent surgical skills in plastic surgery, received criticism from Pirogov due to Dieffenbach’s complete ignorance of anatomy and physiology. Pirogov and 15 medical students founded the first ophthalmologic clinic in the Baltics with 10 beds [5] In addition to his surgical skills in several areas, Pirogov had a deep knowledge of artery trunks and fasciae. An operation was deemed essential and urgently, but when he was examined by the famous Billroth, Pirogov was told his disease was not serious, and it would pass without any surgical intervention Pirogov remained at his estate and died later that year, on November 25, 1881. Billroth later stated that Pirogov would not have been able to withstand the operation, and the lesion would recur anyhow [3]
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