Abstract
Aim. The aim of the study was the estimation of the frequency of vertical transmission (VT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Ukraine (in six regions) using molecular genetic methods of diagnosis. Methods. HIV status of children has been determined by detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA in whole blood samples of children using polymerase chain reaction. The results of the research were analyzed depending on whether HIV-positive pregnant women and children, born by them, have received antiretroviral prophylaxis of HIV VT. Results. On average in three years the frequency of HIV VT among children who received full prophylaxis was 1.15%, partial prophylaxis – 13.12%, among children who did not receive any prophylaxis – more than 25%. Conclusions. According to the results of molecular genetic tests at the present stage of the HIV-infection/AIDS epidemic the rate of HIV VT was 3% in the studied regions. With timely appointment of prophylaxis HIV mother-to-child transmission the rate of HIV vertical transmission in Ukraine can be reduced to less than 2%.
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